Legal Maxims N-Z

N	http://www.knowledgesharing.in
Nam nemo haeres viventis	For no one is an heir of a living person.
Naturae vis maxima est	The force of nature is the greatest.
Necessitas inducit privilegium quoad jura privata	With respect to private rights necessity induces privilege.
Necessitas non habet legem	Necessity has no law.
Necessitas publica est major quam privata	Public necessity is greater than private necessity.
Negligentia semper habet infortuniam comitem	Negligence always has misfortune for a companion.
Nemo admittendus est inhabilitare se ipsum	No one is allowed to incapacitate himself.
Nemo bis punitur pro eodem delicto	No one can be twice punished for the same offence.
Nemo cogitur suam rem vendere, etiam justo pretio	No one is bound to sell his own property, even for a just price.
Nemo contra factum suum venire potest	No man can contradict his own deed.
Nemo debet esse judex in propria causa	No one can be judge in his own case.
Nemo plus juris transferre ad alium potest quam ipse habet	No one can transfer to another a larger right than he himself has.
Nemo potest contra recordum verificare per patriam	No one can verify by the country, that is, through a jury, against the record.
Nemo potest esse tenens et dominus	No one can at the same time be a tenant and a landlord (of the same tenement).
Nemo potest facere per alium, quod per se non potest	No one can do through another what he cannot do himself.
Nemo potest mutare consilium suum in alterius injuriam	No one can change his purpose to the injury of another.
Nemo praesumitur esse immemor suae aeternae salutis et maxime in articulo mortis	No one is presumed to be forgetful of his eternal welfare, and particularly in the hour of death.
Nemo prohibetur pluribus defensionibus uti	No one is forbidden to make use of several defences.
Nemo punitur pro alieno delicto	No one is punished for the crime of another.
Nemo se accusare debet, nisi coram Deo	No one should accuse himself except in the presence of God.
Nemo tenetur accusare se ipsum nisi coram Deo	No one is bound to accuse himself except in the presence of God.
Nemo tenetur armare adversarium contra se	No one is bound to arm his adversary against himself.
Nexus	Connection
Nihil quod est inconveniens est licitum	Nothing inconvenient is lawful.
Nil facit error nominis cum de corpore constat	An error of name makes not difference when it appears from the body of the instrument.
Nisi	Unless
Non compus mentis	Not of sound mind and understanding
Non constat	It is not certain
Non decipitur qui scit se decipi	He is not deceived who knows that he is deceived.
Non definitur in jure quid sit conatus	What an attempt is, is not defined in law.
Non est arctius vinculum inter homines quam jusjurandum	There is no stronger link among men than an oath.
Non est factum	It is not his deed
Non est informatus	He is not informed.
Non facias malum ut inde veniat bonum	You shall not do evil that good may come of it.
Non jus, sed seisina, facit stipitem	Not right, but seisin makes a stock (from which the inheritance must descend).
Non refert quid notum sit judici si notum non sit in forma judicii	It matters not what is known to the judge if it is not known judicially.
Non sequitur	An inconsistent statement, it does not follow
Nullus commodum capere potest ex sua injuria propria	No one can derive an advantage from his own wrong.
Nullus recedat e curia cancellaria sine remedio	No one should depart from a Court of Chancery without a remedy.
O
Omne sacramentum debet esse de certa scientia	Every oath ought to be of certain knowledge.
Omnia delicta in aperto leviora sunt	All crimes (committed) in the open are (considered) lighter.
Omnia praesumuntur contra spoliatorem	All things are presumed against a wrongdoer.
Omnis innovatio plus novitate perturbat quam utilitate prodeat	Every innovation disturbs more by its novelty than it benefits by its utility.
Optima legum interpres est consuetudo	The best interpreter of laws is custom.
Optimus interpres rerum est usus	The best interpreter of things is usage.
P
Pacta privata juri publico non derogare possunt	Private contracts cannot derogate from public law.
Par delictum	Equal fault.
Pari passu	On an equal footing.
Partus sequitur ventrem	The offspring follows the mother.
Pater est quem nuptiae demonstrant	The father is he whom the marriage points out.
Peccata contra naturam sunt gravissima	Wrongs against nature are the most serious.
Pendente lite nihil innovetur	During litigation nothing should be changed.
Per curiam	In the opinion of the court.
Per minas	By means of menaces or threats.
Per quod	By reason of which.
Post mortem	After death.
Prima facie	On the face of it.
Prima impressionis	On first impression.
Pro hac vice	For this occasion.
Pro rata	In proportion.
Pro tanto	So far, to that extent.
Pro tempore	For the time being.
Publici juris	Of public right.
Q
Quaeitur	The question is raised.
Quantum	How much, an amount.
Qui facit per alium, facit per se	He who acts through another acts himself.
Qui haeret in litera, haeret in cortice	He who stices to the letter, sticks to the bark.
Qui in utero est, pro jam nato habetur, quoties de ejus commodo quaeritur	He who is in the womb is considered as already born as far as his benefit is considered.
Qui non habet potestatem alienandi, habet necessitatem retinendi	He who has not the power of alienating is under the necessity of retaining.
Qui non habet, ille non dat	He who has not, does not give.
Qui non improbat, approbat	He who does not disapprove, approves.
Qui non obstat quod obstare potest facere videtur	He who does not prevent what he is able to prevent, is considered as committing the thing.
Qui non prohibet quod prohibere potest assentire videtur	He who does not prohibit when he is able to prohibit, is in fault.
Qui peccat ebrius, luat sobrius	He who does wrong when drunk must be punished when sober.
Qui potest et debet vetare et non vetat jubet	He who is able and ought to forbit and does not, commands.
Qui prior est tempore potior est jure	He who is prior in time is stronger in right.
Qui sentit commodum, debet et sentire onus	He who derives a benefit ought also to bear a burden.
Qui tacet consentire videtur	He who is silent appears to consent.
Quid pro quo	Consideration. something for something.
Quidcquid plantatur solo, solo cedit	Whatever is planted in or affixed to the soil, belongs to the soil.
Quod ab initio non valet, in tractu temporis non convalescit	What is not valid in the beginning does not become valid by time.
Quod constat curiae opere testium non indiget	What appears to the Court needs not the help of witnesses.
Quod necessarie intelligitur, id non deest	What is necessarily understood is not wanting.
Quod necessitas cogit, defendit	What necessity forces it justifies.
Quod non apparet, non est	What does not appear, is not.
Quod non habet principium non habet finem	What has no beginning has no end.
Quod per me non possum, nec per alium	What I cannot do through myself, I cannot do through another.
Quod prius est verius est; et quod prius est tempore potius est jure	What is first is more true; and what is prior in time is stronger in law.
Quod vanum et inutile est, lex non requirit	The law does not require what is vain and useless.
Quoties in verbis nulla est ambiguitas, ibi nulla expositio contra verba expressa fienda est	When there is no ambiguity in words, then no exposition contrary to the expressed words is to be made.
R
Ratio est legis anima, mutata legis ratione mutatur et lex	Reason is the soul of the law; when the reason of the law changes the law also is changed.
Re	In the matter of.
Reprobata pecunia leberat solventem	Money refused releases the debtor.
Res	Matter, affair, thing, circumstance.
Res gestae	Things done.
Res integra	A matter untouched (by decision).
Res inter alios acta alteri nocere non debet	Things done between strangers ought not to affect a third person, who is a stranger to the transaction.
Res judicata accipitur pro veritate	A thing adjudged is accepted for the truth.
Res nulis	Nobody s property.
Respondeat superior	Let the principal answer.
Rex est major singulis, minor universis	The King is greater than individuals, less than all the people.
Rex non debet judicare sed secundum legem	The King ought not to judge but according to the law.
Rex non potest peccare	The King can do no wrong.
Rex nunquma moritur	The King never dies.
Rex quod injustum est facere non potest	The King cannot do what is unjust.
S
Salus populi est suprema lex	The safety of the people is the supreme law.
Sciens	Knowingly.
Scienter	Knowingly.
Scire facias	That you cause to know.
Scribere est agere	To write is to act.
Se defendendo	In self defence.
Secus	The legal position is different, it is otherwise.
Semper praesumitur pro legitimatione puerorum	Everything is presumed in favor of the legitimacy of children.
Semper pro matriomonio praesumitur	It is always presumed in favor of marriage.
Sententia interlocutoria revocari potest, definitiva non potest	An interlocutory order can be revoked, a final order cannot be.
Servitia personalia sequuntur personam	Personal services follow the person.
Sic utere tuo ut alienum non laedas	So use your own as not to injure another s property.
Simplex commendatio non obligat	A simple recommendation does not bind.
Stare decisis	To stand by decisions (precedents).
Stet	Do not delete, let it stand.
Sub modo	Within limits.
Sub nomine	Under the name of.
Sub silentio	In silence.
Sublata causa, tollitur effectus	The cause being removed, the effect ceases.
Sublato fundamento, cadit opus	The foundation being removed, the structure falls.
Subsequens matrimonium tollit peccatum praecedens	A subsequent marriage removes the preceding wrong.
Suggestio falsi	The suggestion of something which is untrue.
Sui generis	Unique.
Summa ratio est quae pro religione facit	The highest reason is that which makes for religion, i.e. religion dictates.
Suppressio veri	The suppression of the truth.
Suppressio veri expressio falsi	A suppression of truth is equivalent to an expression of falsehood.
T
Talis qualis	Such as it is.
Terra firma	Solid ground.
Testamenta latissimam interpretationem habere debent	Testaments ought to have the broadest interpretation.
Traditio loqui chartam facit	Delivery makes a deed speak.
Transit terra cum onere	The land passes with its burden
U
Ubi eadem ratio ibi idem jus, et de similibus idem est judicium	When there is the same reason, then the law is the same, and the same judgment should be rendered as to similar things.
Ubi jus ibi remedium est	Where there is a right there is a remedy.
Ubi non est principalis, non potest esse accessorius	Where there is no principal, there can be no accessory.
Ubi nullum matrimonium, ibi nulla dos es	Where there is no marriage, there is no dower.
Ultima voluntas testatoris est perimplenda secundum veram intentionem suam	The last will of a testator is to be fulfilled according to his true intentio.
Ut poena ad paucos, metus ad omnes, perveniat	That punishment may come to a few, the fear of it should affect all.
Utile per inutile non vitiatur	What is useful is not vitiated by the useless.
V
Verba chartarum fortius accipiuntur contra preferentem	The words of deeds are accepted more strongly against the person offering them.
Verba debent intelligi cum effectu	Words ought to be understood with effect.
Verba intentioni, non e contra, debent inservire	Words ought to serve the intention, not the reverse.
Verbatim	Word by word, exactly.
Vi et armis	With the force and arms.
Via antiqua via est tuta	The old way is the safe way.
Vice versa	The other way around.
Vide	See.
Vigilantibus non dormientibus jura subveniunt	The laws serve the vigilant, not those who sleep.
Vir et uxor consentur in lege una persona	A husband and wife are regarded in law as one person.
Visitationem commendamus	We recommend a visitation.
Volens	Willing.
Volenti non fit injuria	An injury is not done to one consenting to it.
Voluntas in delictis non exitus spectatur	In offences the intent and not the result is looked at.
Voluntas reputatur pro facto	The will is taken for the deed.